ICU learning pathway | Abdominal paracentesis

Abdominal Paracentesis
Session Overview
Description
This session describes the common causes for ascites and the procedure for obtaining a diagnostic sample.

By the end of this session you will be able to:

• List the common causes of ascites
• Recognize the indications and contraindications for diagnostic paracentesis
• Describe the procedure for obtaining an ascitic fluid sample
• Explain the common investigations for ascitic fluid
• Recognize the potential complications of paracentesis

Before commencing this session you should complete:

• Universal Precautions and Cross Infection (001-0239)

Ascites is the accumulation of free fluid within the peritoneal layer of the abdomen. This can lead to abdominal distension, pain and discomfort, and ultimately organ failure.

Respiratory compromise due to diaphragmatic splinting from the accumulation of fluid may lead to a patient requiring critical care support.

Diagnostic paracentesis can be performed on the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) to provide symptomatic relief, as well as to attempt to identify the potential cause of the ascites.