ICU learning pathway | Nosocomial infections

Nosocomial Infections
Session Overview
Description
This session describes the commonly occurring nosocomial infections in critical care and the common sites of infection. It also describes the standard infection control practices and highlights the importance of adhering to these procedures.

By the end of this session you will be able to:

• List the commonly occurring healthcare-associated (nosocomial) infections in critical care
• Describe the commonly occurring sites and risk factors for nosocomial infection in critical care
• Discuss the concept of cross-infection
• Identify the universal precautions and good working practices for the control of infection

Healthcare-associated infections, i.e. nosocomial infections or HCA, are defined as infections that begin 48 hours after admission to hospital.

They are an important cause of preventable morbidity and mortality, increased length of hospital stay and economic burden.

It is estimated that they affect 1 in 10 patients admitted to hospital.

It is estimated that 8% of ICU admissions acquire a healthcare-associated infection [1](read details regarding the reference).

Anaesthetists are involved in the care of patients across different hospital settings, especially the very ill patient, and are often asked for help in managing these patients. It is essential that anaesthetists have a basic knowledge and understanding of the aetiology, pathogenesis and risk factors of commonly occurring HCAIs and understand how they can play a role in preventing these.