Nursing Children with Asthma

Asthma is a chronic disease that may not only be life-limiting, but possibly life-threatening. The World Health Organisation defines asthma as 'A disease characterised by recurrent attacks of breathlessness and wheezing, which can vary in severity and frequency from person to person' (WHO 2020).

In Australia, asthma affects about 10% of people aged 0-14, making it the most common chronic illness experienced by children (AIHW 2020).

Signs and Symptoms of Asthma in Children

When identifying asthma in children you might notice signs of respiratory distress. The child may have a costal/intercostal recession or tracheal tug. Nasal flaring or head bobbing in younger children may also be apparent (PCH 2018).

Upon auscultation of the chest, reduced air entry and/or wheezing may be heard. A child may be unable to speak in sentences or even may be short of breath after walking a short distance (SA DoH 2020).

Beware of a silent chest. If there is no audible wheeze and no obvious breath sounds, this could mean the child is having a severe asthma attack. This is a life-threatening situation (SA DoH 2020).